Hubo 2 vs Robonaut 1A
Side-by-side comparison of Hubo 2 (KAIST) and Robonaut 1A (NASA and DARPA) — specs, pricing, Robolist Index, and verified deployments. Updated daily.
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Optimized for Cleaning & Facilities buyers. Priority specs lifted to the top and marked with a target.
Layer 1: Identity & Trust
Manufacturer Country
- Hubo 2South Korea
- Robonaut 1AUnited States
Year First Available
- Hubo 22009
- Robonaut 1A2011
Verified Deployments
- Hubo 20 Deployments
- Robonaut 1A0 Deployments
Layer 2: Operational
Price Range (USD)
- Hubo 2$400,000
- Robonaut 1A$150,000
Battery / Shift Runtime
- Hubo 21.5 hrs
- Robonaut 1A8 hrs
Availability Status
- Hubo 2ACTIVE
- Robonaut 1AACTIVE
Physical Form Factor
Weight
- Hubo 245 kg
- Robonaut 1A60 kg
Height
- Hubo 2125 mm
- Robonaut 1A1880 mm
Mobility Type
- Hubo 2bipedal
- Robonaut 1Abipedal
Humanoid Subtype
- Hubo 2full bipedal
- Robonaut 1Afull bipedal
Walking Speed
- Hubo 21.5 m/s
- Robonaut 1A1.2 m/s
Running Capable
- Hubo 2dynamic walk
- Robonaut 1A—
Stair Climbing
- Hubo 2No
- Robonaut 1ANo
Terrain
- Hubo 2flat indoor
- Robonaut 1Azero gravity
Payload & Dexterity
Payload
- Hubo 22 kg
- Robonaut 1A9.1 kg
Total DOF
- Hubo 240
- Robonaut 1A14
Arm DOF
- Hubo 27
- Robonaut 1A7
Hand DOF
- Hubo 25
- Robonaut 1A5
Bimanual Coordination
- Hubo 2Yes
- Robonaut 1ANo
Compute & AI
Onboard Compute
- Hubo 2Two PC/104 embedded computers with solid-state drives
- Robonaut 1ANVIDIA Jetson Xavier
VLM Capable
- Hubo 2No
- Robonaut 1ANo
Foundation Models
- Hubo 2—
- Robonaut 1Afalse
Imitation Learning
- Hubo 2No
- Robonaut 1ANo
Programming
- Hubo 2code_ros, proprietary_app, teleoperation
- Robonaut 1Acode_python, code_ros, visual_block
Battery & Power
Runtime
- Hubo 21.5 hrs
- Robonaut 1A8 hrs
Battery Swap
- Hubo 2No
- Robonaut 1A—
Software
SDK Languages
- Hubo 2code_ros, proprietary_app, teleoperation
- Robonaut 1Acode_python, code_ros, visual_block
ROS Support
- Hubo 2Yes
- Robonaut 1AYes
Open API
- Hubo 2Yes
- Robonaut 1AYes
Reliability
Deployment Maturity
- Hubo 2research
- Robonaut 1Acommercial
IP Rating
- Hubo 2—
- Robonaut 1AIP54
Commercial
Price (USD)
- Hubo 2$400,000
- Robonaut 1A$150,000
Price Tier
- Hubo 2150K+
- Robonaut 1A150K+
Pricing Model
- Hubo 2purchase
- Robonaut 1Apurchase
Warranty
- Hubo 2—
- Robonaut 1A1 yrs
Applications
- Hubo 2robotics education, research, service robotics, disaster response
- Robonaut 1Aresearch, hazardous_env
| ||
|---|---|---|
| Layer 1: Identity & Trust | ||
| Manufacturer Country (values differ) | South Korea | United States |
| Year First Available (values differ) | 2009 | 2011 |
| Verified Deployments | 0 Deployments | 0 Deployments |
| Layer 2: Operational | ||
| Price Range (USD) (values differ) | $400,000 | $150,000 |
| Battery / Shift Runtime (priority for Cleaning & Facilities buyers) (values differ) | 1.5 hrs | 8 hrs |
| Availability Status | ACTIVE | ACTIVE |
| Layer 3: Category Specific | ||
| Physical Form Factor | ||
| Weight (priority for Cleaning & Facilities buyers) (values differ) | 45 kg | 60 kg |
| Height (values differ) | 125 mm | 1880 mm |
| Mobility Type | bipedal | bipedal |
| Humanoid Subtype | full bipedal | full bipedal |
| Walking Speed (values differ) | 1.5 m/s | 1.2 m/s |
| Running Capable (values differ) | dynamic walk | — |
| Stair Climbing | No | No |
| Terrain (values differ) | flat indoor | zero gravity |
| Payload & Dexterity | ||
| Payload (values differ) | 2 kg | 9.1 kg |
| Total DOF (values differ) | 40 | 14 |
| Arm DOF | 7 | 7 |
| Hand DOF | 5 | 5 |
| Bimanual Coordination (values differ) | Yes | No |
| Compute & AI | ||
| Onboard Compute (values differ) | Two PC/104 embedded computers with solid-state drives | NVIDIA Jetson Xavier |
| VLM Capable | No | No |
| Foundation Models (values differ) | — | false |
| Imitation Learning | No | No |
| Programming (values differ) | code_ros, proprietary_app, teleoperation | code_python, code_ros, visual_block |
| Battery & Power | ||
| Runtime (values differ) | 1.5 hrs | 8 hrs |
| Battery Swap (values differ) | No | — |
| Software | ||
| SDK Languages (values differ) | code_ros, proprietary_app, teleoperation | code_python, code_ros, visual_block |
| ROS Support | Yes | Yes |
| Open API | Yes | Yes |
| Reliability | ||
| Deployment Maturity (values differ) | research | commercial |
| IP Rating (values differ) | — | IP54 |
| Commercial | ||
| Price (USD) (values differ) | $400,000 | $150,000 |
| Price Tier | 150K+ | 150K+ |
| Pricing Model | purchase | purchase |
| Warranty (values differ) | — | 1 yrs |
| Applications (values differ) | robotics education, research, service robotics, disaster response | research, hazardous_env |
Insufficient data for full comparison
The following fields had no data for any of the selected robots: Payload (Peak), Arm Reach, Grip Strength, Manipulation Repeatability, Tool Use, Compute Platform, Teleoperation, Battery Capacity, Charging Time, Charging Method, Avg Power Consumption, Force-Limited Arms, Fall Recovery, Fall Detection Response, Emergency Stops, Human Detection Method, Safe Speed Near Humans, Simulation Platforms, Air-Gap Capable, MTBF, Task Success Rate, Noise Level, RaaS / Month, Developer Unit Price, Delivery Lead Time, Production Pilots
best in categoryweakest in categoryvalues differ
Trade-offs at a glance
Frequently asked
Who makes Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A?
Hubo 2 is made by KAIST, based in KR. Robonaut 1A is made by NASA and DARPA, based in US.
When were Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A launched?
Hubo 2 launched in 2009. Robonaut 1A launched in 2011.
How much does Hubo 2 cost compared to Robonaut 1A?
Hubo 2 is listed at $400,000. Robonaut 1A is listed at $150,000.
How do Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A compare on the Robolist Index?
Hubo 2 scores 100/100. Robonaut 1A scores 91/100. The Robolist Index blends specs, pricing transparency, verified deployments, and independent media coverage — see methodology for the full breakdown.
What is the payload difference between Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A?
Hubo 2 carries up to 2 kg. Robonaut 1A carries up to 9.07 kg.
Are Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A in the same category?
Both robots are classified as Humanoid on Robolist. Filters and ranking treat them as direct alternatives.
What is the realistic total cost of ownership for Humanoid robots?
Hardware cost is one input. Humanoid TCO also includes integration, training, downtime, and end-of-life. Our breakdown: Humanoid TCO: Hardware, Cloud Subscriptions, and the Cost of Teleop Time.
What should a buyer ask vendors when choosing between Hubo 2 and Robonaut 1A?
Spec sheets only show part of the story. Useful vendor questions cover support, lifecycle, integration cost, and references. We have a buyer-focused checklist: Vendor Selection for Humanoids: The 10 Questions You Must Ask.
Going deeper — picking the right robot
Humanoid TCO: Hardware, Cloud Subscriptions, and the Cost of Teleop Time
8 min readHumanoid Robots
Vendor Selection for Humanoids: The 10 Questions You Must Ask
10 min readHumanoid Robots
Running a Humanoid Pilot: Scope, Success Criteria, and Exit Options
9 min readHumanoid Robots
Build vs buy vs lease: which model fits a first deployment
8 min readChoosing Your First Robot
The hidden specs vendors hope you'll miss
10 min readReading the Spec Sheet
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About this comparison
Hubo 2 vs Robonaut 1A compares two robots in the humanoid category. All data is sourced from manufacturer spec sheets, verified deployments, and third-party filings; see our methodology for how the Robolist Index is calculated.